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This random nature makes designing a lightning protection system (LPS) challenging. The flow path of lightning charges is random in nature as it searches for the optimal path in space 2.
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Lightning occurs as a result of charges in the atmosphere, which produce electric fields that sustains the development of lightning leaders 1. The IDEGM has the benefit of generating results with a significantly reduced computation time of just a few minutes as compared to several hours in previous models. The percentage strike probability for the cases considered shows a close approximation to published results, and this confirms the accuracy of the implemented model. An alternative case using catenary wires with a total lightning interception efficiency of 99.1% was also implemented. The performance of the proposed improved DEGM (IDEGM) was investigated using a floating roof tank and a cuboid structure with a central air termination, and an interception efficiency of 61% was achieved. It proposes ways to eliminate such by using a conversion factor while also significantly reducing computation time from more than 14 h to approximately 6 min for a cuboid structure by eliminating ground surface points. It highlights sources of computational numerical errors, such as the effect of the discretisation size. This study delves into the inner workings of DEGM striking distance computation. This computation is often time-consuming and requires extensive computational resources. The numerical computation of the dynamic electro-geometrical model (DEGM) follows an iterative step by determining lightning strike points from above to a point on a structure of interest. The dynamic electro-geometrical model has been applied in various studies to investigate the probability of a lightning strike to parts of a structure.